Human platelet antigen is a form of immunogenic polymorphism of platelet membrane glycoproteins, generally formed by Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP). Human Platelet Antigens can cause platelet alloimmunization responses which can lead to immune thrombocytopenia, such as Fetal Neonatal Alloimmune Thrombocytopenia (FNAIT), Post Transfusion Purpura (PTP), and Platelet Refractory (PTR), Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP). Determining the pattern of the HPA system is the basis for establishing the diagnosis and handling of the risk and management of the diagnosis. Knowledge of the HPA genotype and the frequency of antigens in population is essential, especially for the provision of appropriate donor blood components. The purpose of this study was to determine the genotype and frequency of HPA in donor blood populations in Makassar. Samples were collected during the period March to April 2019, and HPA genotypes were identified in donor blood samples (120 samples) in Blood Transfusion Implementation Unit - South Sulawesi Provincial Health Office (Unit Pelaksana Tugas-Transfusi Darah Dinas Kesehatan Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan). Samples were examined by PCR to detect HPA genotype at Hasanuddin University Medical-Research Center Laboratory / Medical Faculty of Hasanuddin University Hospital, Makassar. The results of the study found that HPA 1a (100%), 2a (100%), 2b (80,83%), 3a (75,83%), 3b (57,5%), 4a (99,17%), and 5a (39,17%) were found in the Bugis, Makassar, Mandar, and Toraja tribes in Makassar. The most HPA genotypes found were HPA 1a and 2a. HPA 1b, 4b, 15a, and 15b genotypes were not found in donor blood populations in Makassar. Further research is needed regarding the genotype of HPA as a risk factor for the occurrence of autoimmune thrombocytopenia.
Keywords : Human platelet antigen, HPA genotype, frequency
References
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